ContractorHandbook

How Much Rebar for a 20x20 Slab?

Rebar to buy

28 sticks

400 sq ft, #4 bar at 18 in both ways, 3 in cover, 20 ft sticks, 40 diameter lap splices.

It does not stop at a number.

When the figures look right, the rebar material list downloads as a real PDF with your business details on it, built inside your own browser. Nothing you type is uploaded anywhere.

spacing, inspacinglaps at 40 bar diameters are counted in the linear feetbars each way x length + laps / stock length = sticks
A rebar mat is two grids at right angles, and the spacing sets both counts. What catches people out is the lap: bars are not made in slab lengths, so every splice adds forty bar diameters of steel that still has to be bought.

How that number is worked out

These are the figures this page was built with and every line the calculator produces from them. Change anything above and all of it moves.

  • Slab length20 ft
  • Slab width20 ft
  • Bar spacing, both ways18 in
  • Bar size#4, 1/2 in
  • Cover from the edge3 in
  • Bar stock length20 ft
  • Lap splice40 bar diameters

Rebar to buy28 sticks

Slab area400 sq ft
Bars running the length1419.5 ft each, spaced across the width
Bars running the width1419.5 ft each, spaced along the length
Linear feet, no laps546 ft
Lap allowance0 ft0 splices at 1.67 ft each
Total linear feet546 ft
Sticks at 20 ft28560 ft bought, one run per stick
Weight365 lb0.18 tons
Intersections to tie196
Chairs100one per 4 sq ft

The material list this produces

#4 rebar, 20 ft sticks28
Tie wire, lb2
Chairs100
Poly vapor barrier, sq ft440

Slab width compared

Length held at 20 ft, width swept. The middle column is the lap allowance and it is the whole point of this table: zero on every row until the slab gets wider than a stick, and from there it never goes away again.

Slab widthRebar to buyLap allowanceChairs
20 by 8 ft13 sticks0 ft40
20 by 10 ft14 sticks0 ft50
20 by 12 ft22 sticks0 ft60
20 by 16 ft25 sticks0 ft80
20 by 20 ft28 sticks0 ft100
20 by 24 ft33 sticks5 ft120
20 by 30 ft42 sticks13.3 ft150

What else matters here

Four hundred square feet, 546 ft of steel, 28 sticks and not one splice. This is the largest square slab that gets away with that, and the reason is the cover: 3 in off each end brings the bars out at 19.5 ft, which fits a 20 ft stick with six inches to spare.

One foot wider and it stops working. The table below holds the length at 20 ft and sweeps the width, and the lap column reads zero all the way down until the slab passes 20 ft. At 20 by 24 it is 5 ft of lap and at 20 by 30 it is 13.3, because the cross bars have grown longer than a stick and have to be chained.

That is worth knowing while the dimension is still soft, which on a garage floor or a shop pad it usually is. A splice is not a fault, it is how every large slab gets built, but it is steel you buy and place that does no work except hold two bars together, and it is time at every joint. This slab has 196 intersections to tie and 100 chairs under the mat, and 365 lb of steel is one pickup bed.

What this calculator assumes

  • Bars are figured as a grid running both ways at the same spacing, which is how a residential slab, a driveway and a footing mat are normally drawn.
  • Weights are the published ones: #3 is 0.376 lb per foot, #4 is 0.668, #5 is 1.043, #6 is 1.502, #7 is 2.044 and #8 is 2.670.
  • The stick count is nested, not divided. When a run fits inside a stock bar, the count says how many runs are cut from one stick and never splices a bar that did not need splicing. When a run is longer than a stock bar it is built from a chain of sticks with a lap at every joint, and the offcut from one run starts the next. That is why the stick line and the linear feet line never agree, and the gap between them is the offcut you pay for.
  • A 40 diameter lap is the common residential rule of thumb. ACI 318 sets the real development length from the concrete strength, the bar position and the cover, and an engineered drawing overrides anything on this page.
  • Chairs are one per four square feet, which keeps the mat off the ground on an ordinary pour. Wet setting bar into poured concrete is a different method and this list does not price it.

Questions people ask

How much rebar do I need for a 20x20 slab?

14 bars each way at 18 in spacing with #4 bar, 546 ft of steel, 28 sticks of 20 ft bar and 365 lb. Tighten to 12 in spacing and it becomes 780 ft, 40 sticks and 521 lb.

Does a 20x20 slab need lap splices?

No. The bars are 19.5 ft after cover and a 20 ft stick carries each one whole. Go wider than 20 ft and the cross bars outrun the stick, which is where the laps begin.

How many chairs and ties for a 20x20 slab?

100 chairs at one per four square feet, 196 intersections to tie and about 2 lb of tie wire.

Different numbers?

The rebar calculator takes any dimensions you like and hands back the same list.

Other common sizes