ContractorHandbook

Asphalt Calculator: Tons of Hot Mix for a Driveway

Asphalt is sold by the ton and laid by the inch. Area times compacted thickness times density gives the weight, and the density is a number your plant can tell you exactly.

It does not stop at a number.

When the figures look right, the asphalt material list downloads as a real PDF with your business details on it, built inside your own browser. Nothing you type is uploaded anywhere.

length, ftcompacted, inwidth, ftvolume x 145 lb per cu ft / 2,000 = tons
Asphalt is ordered by the ton, not the yard, so the volume has to go through a density before it means anything. The thickness here is the compacted mat, which is what the spec calls for and what the plant is paid on.

Worked example

These are the figures the calculator opens with and the answer it gives. Change anything above and every number below moves with it.

  • Length60 ft
  • Width12 ft
  • Compacted thickness3 in
  • Density145 lb per cu ft

Asphalt needed13.05 tons

Area720 sq ft
Compacted volume180 cu ft
Weight26,100 lb
Tons13.05order to the next quarter ton
Order13.25 tons
Base stone at 4 in, tons12

The material list this produces

Hot mix asphalt, tons13.25
Crushed base stone, tons12
Tack coat, gallons3

What this calculator assumes

  • Hot mix asphalt runs about 145 lb per compacted cubic foot, which is roughly 2 tons per cubic yard. Mixes vary, so ask your plant for theirs.
  • This is compacted thickness. Laid loose it is about 25 percent thicker before rolling.
  • A residential driveway is usually 2 to 3 inches over a 4 to 6 inch compacted base. Skimping on the base is what cracks a driveway, not the asphalt.

Compacted, not loose

Hot mix compacts roughly 20 to 25 percent under the roller. Three inches compacted goes down close to four inches loose, and if you lay to three and roll it you have two and a quarter inches of pavement.

This calculator works in compacted thickness, because that is what the specification and the customer care about. Tell your paving crew the compacted number and let them set the screed for it.

The base is the driveway

A residential driveway is usually 2 to 3 inches of asphalt over 4 to 6 inches of compacted crushed stone. On soft or clay soils the base goes deeper and may want a geotextile under it.

When a driveway cracks and ruts after two winters, it is almost never the asphalt. It is water in an undercompacted base. Spending the money on stone and compaction rather than on an extra inch of blacktop is the difference between ten years and two.

Questions people ask

How many tons of asphalt for a 1,000 square foot driveway?

At 3 inches compacted and 145 pounds a cubic foot, 1,000 square feet is 250 cubic feet, which is 36,250 pounds, or 18.1 tons.

How thick should an asphalt driveway be?

Two to three inches of compacted hot mix over 4 to 6 inches of compacted crushed base for residential use. Commercial and truck traffic need more of both.

How much does a ton of asphalt cover?

At 2 inches compacted, roughly 80 square feet a ton. At 3 inches, about 55. Density varies by mix so confirm with your plant.

Need the paperwork too?

Free Contractor Estimate Template, free, no signup, PDF Word and Excel.

Common sizes, worked out

The same calculator with the numbers already filled in, one page per size, each ending in its own material list.

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