ContractorHandbook

How Many Boards for a 4x6 Deck?

Deck boards to buy

5 12 ft boards

24 square feet, boards running the 6 foot way, joists 16 inches on center.

It does not stop at a number.

When the figures look right, the deck material list downloads as a real PDF with your business details on it, built inside your own browser. Nothing you type is uploaded anywhere.

boardgap betweenboardsdeck width, ftwidth / (board + gap) = rows, rows x length = linear feet
Decking is bought in linear feet and laid in rows, and the gap between boards is what sets how many rows fit. A quarter inch gap across a twelve foot width is most of an extra board, which is the difference between one trip and two.

How that number is worked out

These are the figures this page was built with and every line the calculator produces from them. Change anything above and all of it moves.

  • Deck length6 ft
  • Deck width4 ft
  • Board face width5.5 in
  • Gap between boards0.25 in
  • Board length you buy12 ft
  • Joist spacing on center16 in

Deck boards to buy5 12 ft boards

Deck area24 sq ft
Board rows across the width9
Linear feet of decking54 lf
Boards at 12 ft5
Joists at 16 in on center6

The material list this produces

Deck boards, 12 ft5
Joists, 4 ft6
Joist hangers, each12
Deck screws, lb1

Board length compared

Same deck, four board lengths. Longer boards mean fewer end joints and more offcut risk.

Board lengthDeck boards to buy
8 ft boards7 8 ft boards
12 ft boards5 12 ft boards
16 ft boards4 16 ft boards
20 ft boards3 20 ft boards

What else matters here

Nine rows at 6 feet is 54 linear feet, which is five 12 foot boards cut in half with one half left over. Twelve foot stock is the right buy here for the same reason it usually is on small decks: the cut length divides into it exactly.

The decision worth making on a deck this small is whether to hang it off the house at all. A ledger board is the single most common structural failure point on residential decks, and the failure is almost always water rather than fasteners: the flashing was wrong or missing, the sheathing behind it rotted, and the whole thing let go years later.

A 4 by 6 is light enough to stand on its own four posts a few inches clear of the siding, which removes the ledger, the flashing and the lag schedule from the job entirely. It costs two more footings and it takes the house out of the load path.

What this calculator assumes

  • A nominal 2x6 board is 5.5 inches of actual face. Nominal sizes are not real sizes, which is where most deck orders go wrong.
  • Joist count is the span across the deck width at the spacing given, plus one for the last joist.
  • Waste is not added. Add 5 to 10 percent if the deck is not a plain rectangle.

Questions people ask

How many boards for a 4x6 deck?

Five boards of 5/4 by 6 at 12 feet, cut in half, covering 9 rows at 6 feet each.

Should a small deck be attached to the house?

It does not have to be. A freestanding deck on its own posts removes the ledger and its flashing, which is where most deck failures start.

How many joists does a 4x6 deck need?

Six at 16 inches on center across the 6 foot run, including the end joists.

Different numbers?

The deck calculator takes any dimensions you like and hands back the same list.

Other common sizes