ContractorHandbook

How Many Shingles for a 1,600 Square Foot House?

Roofing squares needed

19.7 squares

A 1,600 square foot footprint, 40 by 40, at a 6/12 pitch with ten percent waste.

It does not stop at a number.

When the figures look right, the roofing material list downloads as a real PDF with your business details on it, built inside your own browser. Nothing you type is uploaded anywhere.

12 in of runrise, inrafter linefootprintroof surfacefootprint x slope multiplier / 100 = squares
A roof is always bigger than the house under it, and how much bigger is right angle geometry rather than an allowance. Square the rise, add 144, take the root, divide by 12, and that multiplier turns a footprint into real surface area before any waste is added.

How that number is worked out

These are the figures this page was built with and every line the calculator produces from them. Change anything above and all of it moves.

  • Building length40 ft
  • Building width40 ft
  • Roof pitch, rise per 12 in6 /12
  • Waste allowance10 %
  • Ridge length, 0 if unknown40 ft

Roofing squares needed19.7 squares

Footprint area1,600 sq ft
Slope multiplier at 6/121.12 x
Actual roof surface1,789 sq ft
Squares before waste17.9
Squares with 10% waste19.7order to this number

The material list this produces

Shingles, bundles (3 per square)60
Synthetic underlayment, rolls (10 sq each)2
Starter strip, linear ft180
Ridge cap, linear ft40
Drip edge, linear ft160
Roofing nails, lb43

Roof pitch compared

Pitch is the number most people guess at, and it is worth more shingles than any other input. Same house, five pitches.

Roof pitchRoofing squares needed
4/1218.6 squares
6/1219.7 squares
8/1221.2 squares
10/1222.9 squares
12/1224.9 squares

What else matters here

Sixteen hundred square feet of footprint at 6/12 is 1,789 square feet of roof, 19.7 squares with waste, sixty bundles.

Sixty bundles is around twenty four hundred nails at four per shingle, which is the standard pattern, and six per shingle in high wind zones or on steep slopes. The material list figures 43 pounds of coil nails for this roof, which is roughly two boxes.

Where the nails go matters more than how many. Every shingle has a nail line printed or embossed on it, and on a laminated shingle that line is over the double thickness and just below the sealant strip. A nail above it misses the course below entirely and holds only one layer. A nail below it goes through the exposed part and will leak. Overdriven nails cut through the mat and underdriven ones leave a hump that telegraphs through the course above, so the compressor gets set for the deck and checked again after the first bundle.

What this calculator assumes

  • Footprint times the slope multiplier gives the actual roof surface. A 6/12 roof is 11.8 percent larger than the ground it covers, which is the number most people forget.
  • Three bundles per square is standard for both three tab and architectural shingles. Check your brand, a few premium lines run four.
  • Synthetic underlayment is figured at 10 squares per roll, starter and ridge cap at one linear foot per foot.

Questions people ask

How many bundles of shingles for a 1,600 sq ft house?

About 60 bundles at a 6/12 pitch with ten percent waste, which is 19.7 squares.

How many nails per shingle?

Four in a standard installation and six in high wind areas or on steep slopes. The manufacturer's instruction governs, and the six nail pattern is often required for the full wind warranty.

Where do roofing nails go on a shingle?

On the nail line printed on the shingle, which sits over the double thickness just below the sealant strip. Above it the nail holds only one layer, below it the nail is exposed to water.

Different numbers?

The roofing calculator takes any dimensions you like and hands back the same list.

Other common sizes